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Australopithecus deyiremeda
''Australopithecus deyiremeda'' is a proposed species of early hominin〔 01:00 PM ET〕 among those who lived about 3.3–3.5 million years ago in northern Ethiopia, around the same time and place as several discovered specimens of ''Australopithecus afarensis'', including the well-known "Lucy", a juvenile specimen.
The discoverers believe ''A.'' ''deyiremeda'' is a new species.〔 "Palaeoanthropology: The middle Pliocene gets crowded"〕 If true, some fossils identified as ''A. afarensis'' may more properly belong to ''A.'' ''deyiremeda''. Some anthropologists have suggested that the identification of ''A. deyiremeda'' as a new species requires more evidence than has been obtained thus far.
==Discovery==
On March 4, 2011, fossils of three jawbones were found in the Woranso-Mille Paleontological Project study area, located in the Afar Region of Ethiopia about northeast of the capital Addis Ababa and north of Hadar, Ethiopia (“Lucy’s” site).〔 "Palaeoanthropology: The middle Pliocene gets crowded"〕
The new specimen fossils—a partial upper jaw, two lower jaws, and some other fragments—were located in sediment dated 3.3 to 3.5 million years ago at Burtele, in the Afar Triangle of Ethiopia, where Lucy, ''A. afarensis,'' was discovered in 1974. Sediments surrounding the bones were dated to 3.3 and 3.5 million years old, a time when ''A. afarensis'' is known to have inhabited the region. While the new jawbone fossil specimens have some of the same characteristics as Lucy’s ''A. afarensis'' species, there are differences: some of the teeth have different root structures, and in general, the teeth are smaller than those of ''A. afarensis'' teeth, the cheekbones are more forward-facing, the lower jaw is larger, and some teeth have thicker outer enamel than ''A. afarensis'', suggesting the proposed new species "was probably adapted to harder, tougher, and more abrasive dietary resources" than ''A. afarensis''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ethiopian fossils represent new member of human family tree )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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